Airbnb has been using Kubernetes in production since 2018 and it has been the foundation for our move to a more modern, microservices based architecture. Using Kubernetes running on AWS, and an internal abstraction built over Kubernetes called OneTouch, we’ve seen an explosion in the adoptions of microservices by teams, going from around 100 at the beginning of 2018, to almost 1,000 now. In order to run Kubernetes at Airbnb scale and growth, and to integrate with extensive existing infrastructure, we’ve had to make careful tradeoffs around the immutability of our clusters, and the interface we expose to both users and other infrastructure teams.